Mission
Nellis Air Force Base, a part of the United States Air Force's Air Combat Command, is located approximately eight miles northeast of Las Vegas, Nevada. The base itself covers more than 14,000 acres, while the total land area occupied by Nellis and its restricted ranges is about 5,000 square miles. An additional 7,700 miles of airspace north and east of the restricted ranges are also available for military flight operations.
Nellis is a major focal point for advanced combat aviation training. Its mission is accomplished through an array of aircraft, including fighters, bombers, refuelers, and aircraft used for transport, close-air support, command and control and combat search and rescue. The Nellis work force of about 14,000 military and civilians makes it one of the largest single employers in Southern Nevada. The total military population numbers close to 60,000 including family members and military retirees in the area.
Background
Nellis began as the Las Vegas Army Air Field in late 1941, hosting the Army Air Corps Flexible Gunnery School which started B-17 gunnery training in early 1942. In 1944, B-17 co-pilot training was added. During the height of World War II, more than 600 gunners and 215 co-pilots graduated from the school every five weeks. In March 1945, B-17 co-pilot training was canceled and the gunnery program gave way to B-29 gunnery training. Following the end of the war, the base was a separation center and then placed on temporary standby status, finally closing in January 1947.
Reopened in 1949 as Las Vegas Air Force Base, it was renamed the next year in honor of Lieutenant William Harrell Nellis. Lt. Nellis, a P-47 pilot from Southern Nevada, was killed in action Dec. 27, 1944, while on his 70th combat mission over Luxembourg during the Battle of the Bulge in support of the besieged 101st Airborne Division.
Initially an advanced pilot training base, the mission changed to F-86 flight training and gunnery for qualified pilots. During the Korean War, the training received at Nellis AFB was directly responsible for the 14-1 kill ratio of the F-86 against the superior MiG-15. At the time, Nellis was the only base training F-86 combat pilots - pilots returning from the theater were used as instructors at the Combat Crew Training School, and provided the air expertise that allowed the United States to maintain air superiority throughout the war.
With a 1958 transfer from Air Training Command to Tactical Air Command, the mission transitioned from initial aircraft qualification and gunnery training to advanced, graduate-level weapons training. The USAF Tactical Fighter Weapons Center (now U.S. Air Force Warfare Center) was activated in 1966. In 1975, Red Flag air-to-air exercises were started and in 1990, the Air Warrior, now Green Flag-West, air-to-ground training mission moved to Nellis AFB.
Today, as part of the USAFWC, units at Nellis continue to provide training for composite strike forces that include every type of aircraft in the U.S. Air Force inventory, along with air and ground units of the Army, Navy, Marines and air units from allied nations. Nellis is also responsible for operational test and evaluation, as well as tactics development.
The 57th Wing is the operational element of the center. The wing's major units are the 57th Operations Group, 57th Maintenance Group, U.S. Air Force Air Demonstration Squadron "Thunderbirds", U.S. Air Force Weapons School, 414th Combat Training Squadron (Red Flag), U.S. Air Force Advanced Maintenance and Munitions Operations School (AMMOS), and the 549th Combat Training Squadron (Green Flag-West).
Other USAFWC units at Nellis AFB are the 99th Air Base Wing and Nevada Test and Training Range (NTTR), along with the 53d Test & Evaluation Group (53d Wing, Eglin AFB, Fla.) and 505th Operations Group (505th Command & Control Wing, Hurlburt Field, Fla.).
The NTTR organization is responsible for developing, maintaining, and operating facilities on the NTTR to satisfy requirements for a realistic combat environment.
The 99 ABW has two groups. The 99th Mission Support Group provides a wide array of services including transportation, supply, services, contracting, civil engineering, mission support and communications. The 99th Medical Group provides a growing range of medical services at the Mike O'Callaghan Military Medical Center, providing mission ready Airmen.
Tenant units at Nellis include the 926th Wing, Air Force Reserve Command, 820th Red Horse Squadron, 365th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Group (363rd ISRW) and 555th Red Horse Squadron (AFRC); Operating Location Alpha, 563d Rescue Group and more than 50 smaller tenant units and activities. Also present is an Armed Forces Reserve Center hosting U.S. Navy Reserve, U.S. Army Reserve and U.S. Marine Corps Reserve units.
(Current as of July 2023)